A method and a device for the directional discrimination of penetrating charged particles uses a one-dimensional transparent dielectric column which is surrounded by a specular reflector. The column is coupled to a photon counter and is enclosed in a light baffle to exclude external photons. Penetrating charged particles passing through the column interact with the column electromagnetically, producing photons which internally reflect down the column and are counted by the photon counter. The penetration depth of the charged particles through the column is deduced from the photon count by application of theoretical means. The resulting penetration depth is geometrically fit within the dimensions of the column, yielding a discrimination of the variance of the charged particle’s trajectory from the pointing direction of the column. In an embodiment, a particle’s magnetic rigidity is ascertained by photon counting.

US Patent 10,599,799 (abstract)

A method and device for measuring the magnetic rigidity of penetrating charged particles uses an elongated transparent ionizable medium, surrounded by a reflective interface, extending along a helical path around a longitudinal axis. A magnet applies a magnetic field to the medium in a direction along the longitudinal axis. A single luminosity proportional photon detector is operationally associated with the medium and adapted to generate signals indicative of the number of photons transiting the medium. A controller is adapted to receive the signals and calculate a penetration depth of the ionizing particle through the medium based on the number of photons transiting the medium and a magnetic rigidity of the charged particle based upon the penetration depth.

A method for the discrimination of spacetime separation between input wave packets includes producing a potential for constructive interference between said input wave packets, transmitting the input wave packets if they exhibit an amplitude above a predetermined threshold by achieving constructive interference and rejecting the input wave packets which do not exhibit said amplitude above the predetermined threshold. A machine employing the claimed method uses waveguides, filters and electromagnetic inductors arranged to combine the input wave packets, evaluate, and pass or reject the wave packets.